Layer-2 sits on top of Layer-1 in the blockchain ecosystem and constantly exchanges information with it. The following Layer-1 vs. Layer-2 blockchain guide explores both approaches and how they contrast. Despite having their own working mechanisms and particularities, both solutions are striving to provide increased throughput to blockchain systems. As a result, the Lighting Network increases the processing speed on the Bitcoin blockchain. Some examples are Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solona, Cardano, Tezos, and Algorand. Layer 1: The base blockchain network. By implementing rollups, this number can reach up to 1,000 TPS, as only . For example, Bitcoin's Lightning Network or Ethereum's Plasma, Polygon, and so on. As seen in the example above, blockchain layer two can be used to handle players moving in a game efficiently and off-chain. Layer 2 protocols often use off-chain processing elements to solve the speed and cost inefficiencies of the layer 1 network. Layer 0 is the network infrastructure that runs underneath the blockchain forming the fundament of the technology. Instead of adding every single daily transaction of every Bitcoin user to the blockchain, the Lightning Network allows users to effectively open tabs with each other and make endless . Layer 1 and layer 2 Blockchain Other Blockchain layer 2 examples are Ethereum's Plasma, Polygon, and so on. Some of the examples of Layer-2 scaling solutions include: State Channels A state channel facilitates two-way communication between a blockchain and off-chain transactional channels. For example, while Ethereum handles less than 20 transactions per second, some layer 2 networks supercharge this to over 2,000 tps. The blockchain is the fundamental building component of a decentralized ecosystem. Layer 2 consists of any overlaying network built on top of the mainnet, the layer 1 foundation supporting a blockchain. . Therefore, the layer 0 is at the beginning of the interoperability and scalability of blockchains. Although geared towards speed and scalability, Layer 2's may also have their own unique selling points. This is the topmost layer. On a PoW blockchain, sharding is less secure because the protocol cannot control miners. It has solved the scalability problem of Bitcoin by speeding it up. StarkEx It creates a secondary framework which is used for transactions "off chain" (e.g. Examples of this type of layer 2 solution can be found in: Rollups:These layer 2 scaling solutions roll up a group of transactions into one single transaction and then feed it back into the main . Each of these cryptocurrencies is trying to solve the problems of Layer 1 blockchains. 1. gas fees), and help the layer 1 ecosystem scale. Polygon (MATIC) By far, Polygon is the most widely adopted layer 2 solution for Ethereum. They can be sidechains, plasma chains, state channels, or rollups. Layer-2: A network that sits on top of Layer-1, which facilities network activity. The scalability problems that we have today is on the layer-1 network. Layer 2 blockchains take on a portion of their underlying blockchain's transactional workload to improve overall efficiency. . The payment protocol Lightning Network, for example, is the layer 2 protocol the Bitcoin network is making use of to benefit from quicker transfers and lower fees. Sidechains are sort of a cross between layer 1 and layer 2 solutions, where sidechains run separately from the blockchain, and . Layer 2 solutions increase throughput (transaction speed) and reduce gas fees. Smart contracts are used in these systems to automate transactions. . The Lightning Network is perhaps the layer-2 crypto protocol that is easiest to understand because it focuses on the relatively simple concept of online payments. The best examples of layer 0 projects include Cardano, Cosmos, and Polkadot. For example, Bitcoin and Ethereum. Developed by L2Lab, it has already launched on Ethereum mainnet. For example, the Lightning Network and Raiden Network. Arbitrum, Optimism, and Boba Network are examples of layer-2 projects employing optimistic rollups. The secondary chains then perform the transactions. In the example of the city economy, where Layer 1 is the businesses and . Harmony 3. Smart Contract - written codes that automate transactions on the blockchain. Layer 2 blockchain. Many Layer 2 blockchain scaling solutions have their own native crypto assets, a number of which are available to trade on OKX. The ZKSwap is a Layer 2 scaling solution, specifically an automated market maker (AMM) type decentralized exchange (DEX) powered by zkRollup technology. The purpose of the main chain is to assign tasks and take control of all the parameters. The layer 2 scaling solution is a term to describe projects that are built on top of the layer one blockchain. The Layer-1 blockchain are typically used to pay fees and provide broader utility. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Binance Smart Chain, Litecoin, and Polkadot are just some of the existing examples of Layer 1 solutions. First, they help to increase the speed of transactions in a network. For instance, consider the Lightning Network as an example of a layer 2 blockchain deployed on the Bitcoin blockchain. Layer 2 refers to the scaling solutions to reduce congestion through secondary blockchains. They are third-party integrations that enhance efficiency (system throughput) or scalability on top of L1 chains. . For example, layer 2 solutions improve the network performance alongside programmability while reducing transaction fees. Plasma provides a framework for building Layer 2 chains on Ethereum. IoTeX 8. THORChain 5. They are designed to increase transaction speed, decrease transaction costs (i.e. Now let's dig into it a bit more, and to do this we need to explain layer 1 (L1). But did you know Bitcoin has an ecosystem from L0 to L3? Typically, layer 2 protocols are optimized for reducing network congestion, lightening the load and increasing throughput of the mainnet. As blockchain works on an open architecture, anyone that can solve problems faced by a network can build a Layer 2 blockchain. We often refer to Layer 2 solutions as "off-chain" blockchain technology. State Channels. There are a number of basic options for technological solutions used in Layer 2, including: Payment channels Their primary purpose is to enhance the capacity of blockchain transactions while keeping the distributed protocol's decentralized benefits. Second, they lower the cost of transactions. Layer 2 is a third-party integration that works in concert with network Layer 1 to increase the number of distribution nodes and hence the decentralized system throughput. Popular examples are Bitcoin Lightning Network and Ethereum . State Channels. The basis of the blockchain is layer 0 and consists of a set of components with which a decentralized network can function. By facilitating transfers of value that are fast and efficient, layer 2 solutions open up broader possibilities for blockchain application. One of the solutions to these problems is the creation of Layer 2 systems, most of which are aimed at solving the scalability problem, which rests primarily on the throughput of blockchain networks (quantity and speed of transactions). Layer-1 simply means the underlying main blockchain network. Examples of layer 2 projects include "rollups" on Ethereum and the Lightning Network on top of Bitcoin. Layer-1 blockchains can validate and finalize transactions without the need for another network. Layer 2 blockchain addresses scalability through rollup technology, mainly Optimistic rollups and Zero-knowledge rollups. Layer 2 (L2) is a secondary network or technology that operates on top of an existing blockchain system. Therefore, in general, layer 2 networks serve three key functions. The layer 2 protocols can also be referred to as 'side chain network' or an 'off-chain layer'. A Layer 2 is a scaling solution that sits on top of a layer 1 blockchain like Bitcoin or Ethereum. Blockchain Layer-2 scaling solutions like Zero-Knowledge Rollups (zk-Rollups) and Optimistic Rollups (ORs) have been gaining traction in the crypto ecosystem. Earn up to 245% APR! Shardeum 6. The foundational projects of Layer 1, and the benefits they generated, helped make the idea of Layer 2 protocols become a reality. Meanwhile, minting and transfers on the Polygon Layer 2 blockchain are around $0.05, a factor of 2,000 times cheaper than their Layer 1 equivalents. Sidechain: These basically operate be'side' the main blockchain. At a fixed interval, a compressed representation of each block is committed to a smart contract on Ethereum. Layer 2 Blockchain Examples As the problem with Layer 1 blockchains becomes more apparent, more and more people are racing to create Layer 2 blockchains. It transfers all tokens to Layer 2 and guarantees consistency by continuously generating zero . A layer 2 is a separate blockchain that extends Ethereum and inherits the security guarantees of Ethereum. A state channel is sealed off by the smart contract mechanism instead of validation by nodes of the Layer-1 network. Layer-2 solutions can be divided into two categories: Like other layer 2 scaling solutions, it aims to tackle scalability problems by offloading some of the validation and transaction processing processes to another blockchain. Layer 2 systems enable this scalability by conducting transactions off-chain, and then settling on the primary chain. More importantly, layer 2 protocols will accelerate the integration of blockchain into global commerce. When people talk about blockchains and networks, this is what they usually refer to. Layer 1 is usually a simple, broad, and general purpose. Two major examples of layer 2 solutions are the Bitcoin Lightning Networkand the Ethereum Plasma. Here are three examples of Layer-2 blockchain scaling solutions: State Channels A state channel is a two-way communication channel between participants. Here, we'll look at some of the most popular Ethereum L2 scaling solutions, commonly called sidechains. Layer-2 blockchains are third-party protocols operating on layer-1 blockchains to help solve any of the blockchain trilemma- decentralisation, security, and scalability. Immutable-X - Immutable- X is the first Layer 2 scaling solution for NFTs on Ethereum. Examples of layer 2 platforms for Bitcoin include Lightning Network and Liquid Network. Some examples are Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Cardano and Ripple. However, we don't often hear about layer 0, even though it has been around since the dawn of the blockchain technology. They serve as add-ons for the parent blockchain. 5 Real-life examples of Layer 2 blockchain solutions Most L2s are still on their way to being fully designed for scalability that doesn't sweep security loopholes and compatibility issues under the rug. 'Layer 2' Blockchain Tech Is an Even Bigger Deal Than You Think - CoinDesk Nexo Compound + PAX Gold $ 1,653.64 + Dash $ 41.42 +1.96% THORChain $ 1.46 +1.99% Zilliqa $ 0.02918555 + Kava.io $. The layer 2 scaling solutions don't require changes in the layer 1.. Blockchain layer 2 refers to the intended scaling solutions, such as protocols or networks, that operate atop a blockchain, essentially functioning as different layers of blockchain. A few more popular layer 2 blockchains are Polygon, Arbitrum, Immutable-X, X-Dai, and Optimism. Another example is Ethereum, which is a leading blockchain network that can currently process only 15 to 20 transactions per second, and this costs users to pay higher gas fees to process their transactions at the earliest. In other words, there is no need for a third party, such as a miner, to confirm the transactions; this improves transaction speed. Layer 2 Blockchain Examples Some of the most common Layer 2 blockchain examples are given below which use Layer 2 protocols blockchain. The Bitcoin blockchain, Ethereum, XEM, and other base layer protocols form Layer 1. Many Layer 2 blockchain technologies are currently being deployed. A layer-2 protocol blockchain is a third party integration that is used in existing interface of a layer1 blockchain. Layer 2 is a secondary protocol built on top of the existing blockchain network. Relieves the Mainnet Generally, this entails unloading a portion of a blockchain network's transactional burden to an adjacent network that will . While Layer 2 blockchains still use Layer 1 features, including smart contracts and security protocols, they are not burdened by the same . Layer-1 vs. Layer-2 Blockchains: The Basics. Some examples of Layer-2 solutions are: 1. Sidechains Sidechains are secondary blockchains that run parallel to the layer-1 blockchain. These include -inefficiency and very high execution costs which result in bad Ethereum user experience as well as expensive . A layer-2 blockchain solution is a second layer built on an existing blockchain network. Why are layer 2 solutions important? Blockchain layer 2 solutions: Difference between Layer 1 and Layer 2 Blockchain Layer 1 and layer 2 scaling solutions may be distinguished on the basis of their fundamental outline. Popular examples of Ethereum layer 2 . StarkNet is a permissionless decentralized ZK-rollup layer 2 solution for the . This prevents congesting the network and slowing down transactions occurring within it. It's the settlement layer for all transactions on the network. TL;DR. Layer 1 refers to a base network, such as Bitcoin, BNB Chain, or Ethereum, and its underlying infrastructure. Layer 2 refers to various protocols that are built on top of layer 1 to improve the original blockchain's functionality. They were created to prevent overdependence or collapse of its layer 1 counterpart. Algorand Conclusion Popular Searches What is Layer 1 in Blockchain? A. Each Layer 2 has its micro-ecosystem of dApps (L3s) built on L2. Unlike Ethereum, which is limited to 13-17 transactions per second (TPS), Polygon can execute up to 7,000 TPS, making it comparable to Visa. Blockchain is the first layer of the decentralized ecosystem. Although scaling may happen with current implementations of blockchain . They execute transactions off-chain and take some pressure off the main blockchain. Layer 2's exist to address the scalability challenges of L1 networks, particularly the issue of high gas fees during times of network congestion. Oracles - these are third-party providers of external data for smart contracts. Layer 1 functions as the soil for applications to germinate and grow on. In a blockchain, layer 2 protocols operate independently of the main chain. Miners can use these solutions to increase the number of transactions processed by a blockchain network while maintaining an immutable ledger's benefits. As such, the main reason for Arbitrum's existence is to tailor to the shortcomings of current smart contracts based on Ethereum. It consists of three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2, and layer 3. This means that Layer 2 blockchains are far more cost-effective than Layer 1, which comes down to their more efficient models. In addition, the Lightning Network brings smart contracts to the Level 1 Bitcoin blockchain. Layer-3 Layer 3: Enables blockchain-based dApps, games, and more. The blockchain layer two is a solution for scalability issues. Like Bitcoin, Ethereum can be thought of as a Layer 1 protocol. Popular examples of Ethereum layer 2 solutions include Immutable X, Polygon, and Polkadot. . On the other hand, Starknet and zkSync are among the Ethereum layer-2s that leverage ZK Rollups. Kava 7. They validate and finalize transactions but have issues with scaling (e.g. In other words, Layer 1 solutions change the rules of the original blockchain directly, while Layer 2 solutions rely on a parallel network to facilitate transactions off the mainchain. On Bitcoin, for example, Lightning Network is aimed at enabling coffee-sized transactions, while Rootstock seeks to provide sophisticated smart contract functionality. With increased processing power, lower transaction fees, and richer user experience, blockchain technology will gain rapid acceptance. Solving the scalability problem will go a long way toward ensuring blockchain's general acceptance. The second floor of the house is Layer 2, which has certain benefits but is not essential for a blockchain to function. Examples of Layer 2 Scaling Solutions Layer 1 is the main blockchain network in charge of on-chain transactions, while Layer 2 is the connected network in charge of off-chain transactions . Layer 1 vs. Layer 2 Types of Layer 1 Blockchain Solutions Consensus Protocol Sharding Benefits of Layer 1 In Blockchain Solutions Layer 1 Blockchain Examples 1. Nested blockchains, sidechains, and state channels are all good instances of layer 2 scaling solutions. Layer 2's (or L2s) increase the speed and reduce the cost of transacting on a blockchain. Bitcoin Lightning Network). Layer 1 blockchain's characteristics can be summarized as follows: . Layer-1 updates usually . A great example can be seen in El Salvador, where Bitcoin is being used as legal tender - this would not have been possible without the speed and efficiency of the Lightning Network. Layer 2 Blockchains Layer 1 Blockchain Examples: Elrond THORChain Layer 2 Blockchain Protocols Examples of Layer 2 Blockchain Solutions Nested Blockchains State Channels Sidechains The Blockchain Trilemma What is Blockchain Layer 0? Bitcoin). Celo 4. An example of Layer 1 blockchain is Bitcoin's Lightning Network, a Layer 2 scaling solution that simultaneously takes the load from Bitcoin and reports to it. Recommended lecture: BEST ETHEREUM LAYER 2 INVESTMENTS. That's how they came up with the term "off-chain." The following is an example of what I mean. Currently, layer 2 solution represents blockchain's best chance of displacing traditional centralised systems. Layer 2: A scaling solution to Layer 1 protocols. DYP Farm A Layer 2 blockchain operates on or adjacent to an underlying Layer 1 blockchain. Blockchain technology and the scalability . What are examples of a Layer 2 blockchain? In a way, layer 2 blockchain scaling solutions work by sharing the transaction load of the main blockchain network. Some examples of Layer 2 blockchains on Ethereum include Polygon, Arbitrum, and Optimism. The fees can rise sky-high. Most layer 2 solutions work alongside the main blockchain, processing data and transactions outside but still utilizing the blockchain's security. These assets . This additional layer helps the base layer process a majority of transactions, making scalability possible. Layer 2 sort of acts as an intermediary between the main chain and the information that is to go on it. For example, the Ethereum mainchain is currently capable of processing 15 transactions per second (TPS). It does so, usually in one of four ways: 1. 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